Occasionally, in the course of raising a dog, you may encounter a situation where the dog vomits. Vomiting can cause rapid dehydration of the body, loss of electrolytes and lead to heart failure. However, vomiting can also remove gastrointestinal toxins (substances), mild vomiting, and can stimulate the function of some internal organs.
When the owner sees the dog vomiting, do not be too alarmed, should calmly observe the dog vomiting reaction and the shape of the vomit, and the dog vomiting after the performance, from which to find the cause of the dog vomiting, to give the correct treatment and treatment.
Analysis of causes
The causes of vomiting in dogs can be broadly divided into eight categories, namely intra-abdominal organ diseases, infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, neurological dysfunction, drug reaction poisoning, physical pathogenic factors and other factors.
1. Intra-abdominal organ diseases
Inflammatory diseases of the intra-abdominal organs include peritonitis, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing enterocolitis, acute hepatitis, cholecystitis, liver abscess, acute pyelonephritis, acute enteritis, pharyngitis, acute gastroenteritis, ovarian cyst, acute pancreatitis, uterine pus and gastric ulcer.
Other diseases of intra-abdominal organs include acute gastric dilatation, oropharyngeal irritation, gastric and duodenal perforation, massive gastric hemorrhage, esophageal foreign bodies, gallstones, gastric torsion, pulmonary infarction, cirrhosis, congestive heart failure, gastric contents and intestinal obstruction.
2. Infectious diseases
Including canine microvirus disease, canine infectious hepatitis, leptospirosis, chlamydiosis, salmonellosis, infectious bronchitis, pseudorabies, foot-and-mouth disease and canine distemper.
3. Parasites
Diseases include ascariasis, flagellosis, hookworm, heartworm, esophageal worm, coccidiosis, trichinosis, cestode and square worm, etc.
4. Endocrine and metabolic diseases
Including hyperaldosteronism, uremia, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, metabolic acidosis, ketosis, hypopituitarism and hyperkalemia, etc.
5. Neurological disorders
Including meningitis, epilepsy, vomiting, neutropenia, movement disorders, parasitic encephalopathy, concussion, brain injury, etc.
6. Drug reaction and poisoning
The drugs that cause vomiting in dogs include cardiac glycosides, salicylic acid preparations, streptomycin sulfate, kanamycin, gentamicin, chloral hydrate, etc. In addition, intravenous infusion too fast can also cause vomiting. Copper sulfate, lead, arsenic, benzene, carbon monoxide, organic phosphorus, spoiled food and other poisoning can cause vomiting poisoning in dogs.
7. Physical pathogenic factors
Including heatstroke, plateau reaction, shock, electric shock, motion sickness, etc.
8. Other factors
Including overeating, sudden change of diet, food allergy, intolerance to certain food and ingestion of foreign bodies.
Differential diagnosis
To identify what causes vomiting in dogs, can be diagnosed by the nature of the vomit, vomiting and feeding time, vomiting and eating desire.
1. The nature of vomit
Small amount of blood in vomit – gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis or tumor. Large amount of blood clots or coffee-colored vomit – gastric mucosal damage. Sudden fever, abdominal pain, wasting of food, and vomiting of white foam or yellow liquid – acute poisoning, acute gastritis, or canine microvirus infection. Vomit of semi-digested food – gastric ulcer. Vomit of undigested food – esophageal problem.
2. Vomiting and feeding time
Vomiting immediately after feeding – mostly due to esophageal obstruction. Vomiting about 30 minutes after feeding – can be suspected of ingestion of poison, foreign bodies or overfeeding, excitement and food intolerance. Vomiting 3-4 hours after feeding – often associated with the small intestine. Vomiting of undigested or partially digested food 6-7 hours after feeding – commonly associated with gastric emptying dysfunction.
3. Vomiting and appetite
Normal or slightly reduced appetite, but vomiting soon after eating, eating again and vomiting, and a preference for vomit – ascariasis, cardia abnormalities. Abandoned food, prefers to drink water, vomits when drinking enough, low urine output – acute nephritis, urinary toxicity, leptospirosis. Loss of appetite, preference for foreign objects such as wood, stones, dirt, etc. on an empty stomach, vomiting immediately after eating – then it may be a nutrient imbalance or intestinal parasitosis. Vomiting has nothing to do with appetite for food – non-gastrointestinal diseases, possible organism poisoning, nerve damage.
4. Vomiting and diarrhea
Vomiting in dogs is mostly accompanied by diarrhea. Diarrhea precedes vomiting – then the cause is often in the intestinal tract, and stomach disease is less likely. If vomiting precedes diarrhea, the dog has ingested a foreign substance, poison or serious infectious disease, such as canine distemper or canine microviral disease.
5. Vomiting and duration
Short duration and directly related to the time of feeding – acute vomiting caused by allergy, poisoning or intolerance to food. Intermittent chronic vomiting, not related to the time of feeding, accompanied by lethargy, loss of appetite, salivation and abdominal discomfort – should focus on the possibility of chronic pancreatitis, chronic gastritis, enteritis and allergic enteritis syndrome.
6. The smell of vomit
Fecal odor – suggests that the disease may be in the posterior part of the small intestine, such as constipation, intestinal dislocation, intussusception, intestinal obstruction, etc. Putrid odor – suggesting the possibility of accidental consumption of spoiled meat food. Garlic odor or acetylene odor – indicates possible zinc phosphide poisoning. Walnut odor – indicates possible hydrocyanic acid food poisoning (excessive consumption of peach nuts, almonds, etc.).
7. Color of vomitus
Primary color of food – indicates reflex vomiting caused by over-eating or accidental ingestion of food with awnings, or esophageal diseases such as esophagitis, esophageal foreign bodies, esophageal tumors, etc.
Coffee-colored – indicates possible damage to the gastric mucosa, uremic gastritis, mast cell tumor, severe liver disease, gastrointestinal ulcer, etc.
Clear yellow-green or with blood – mostly seen in canine microviral disease enteritis type.
Gray or black color – indicates inflammation or ulcer or tumor in the bottom of the stomach or anterior segment of the small intestine, etc.
Signs of disease
Vomiting is common in several diseases and can clinically show some signs as follows.
1. Canine microvirus disease
It is often accompanied by hemorrhagic enteritis, anorexia, fever, diarrhea and the typical clinical signs of sprayed stools.
2. Canine distemper
It is often accompanied by biphasic fever, inflammatory symptoms of the upper respiratory tract, dry or cracked nasal lenses, swollen eyelids, constipation followed by dysentery, and in chronic cases, sometimes “foot pads” and other typical symptoms.
3. Canine herpesvirus disease
It is often accompanied by anorexia, dyspnea, dry cough, abdominal pain, barking, toxemia 1-2 days after infection and other typical symptoms.
4. Canine infectious hepatitis
In hepatitis type, it is often accompanied by typical symptoms such as indifferent expression, food deprivation, fever, yellow bile, increased thirst, diarrhea and abdominal pain; in respiratory type, it is often accompanied by clinical symptoms such as high fever, dry cough, rapid breathing, nasal leakage and mucous stool.
5. Salmonellosis
It is often accompanied by anorexia, fever, diarrhea and sepsis in severe cases.
6. Leptospirosis
It is often accompanied by symptoms such as thirst, abdominal pain, diarrhea, blood in stool, ulceration of oral mucosa, ulceration or necrotic erosion of tongue, dehydration of body, yellow bile of visible mucosa, little or no urine.
7. Canine ascariasis
It is often accompanied by clinical symptoms such as loss of appetite, emaciation, anemia, cough, heterophilia, and preference for vomit.
8. Intestinal obstruction, intestinal constipation
The abdomen can be palpated with a solid lump in the intestine, and the pressure is sensitive to touch.
9. Intussusception
It is often accompanied by paroxysmal abdominal pain, shortness of bowel movement and other symptoms.
10. Pancreatitis
Often accompanied by obvious abdominal pain, “prayer position”, anorexia, fever, yellow bile, diarrhea, and sometimes blood in the stool.
11. Organophosphorus poisoning
It is often accompanied by diarrhea, barking, foamy liquid coming out of the corner of the mouth, running in a straight line, vomit emitting phosphorescence in the dark, and other symptoms.
12. Drug poisoning or toxin poisoning
It is often accompanied by clinical symptoms such as salivation, abdominal pain, dilated or narrow pupils, diarrhea, and neurological symptoms.
13. Esophageal obstruction
Complete esophageal obstruction with symptoms such as difficulty in swallowing, overflow of water from the mouth or nostrils, and swelling of the obstruction site; incomplete esophageal obstruction with symptoms such as being able to drink but constantly choking or vomiting.
14. Motion sickness, seasickness
Usually occurs during transportation, vomiting and restlessness, vomiting stops when transportation is stopped.
15. Hepatic encephalopathy
It is often accompanied by abnormal liver function, neurological symptoms and urinary manifestation symptoms.
Response
If vomiting occurs in dogs, the following measures are generally taken.
1. General vomiting does not affect the eating, no special treatment.
2. Frequent vomiting affects eating, should be fasted, prohibited from drinking water for 4-6 hours to prevent accidental entry into the trachea. After the vomiting stops, gradually eat, or intravenous supplementation of nutrition and water.
3. Sedation, antiemetic, such as oral vitamin B6, Valium, Gastrodia, Atropine or human medication morpholine, or chlorpromazine oral, intramuscular injection, also can be injected intramuscular Emol to stop vomiting.
4. vomiting too often, for a longer period of time, do not eat, or vomiting occurs after eating, accompanied by other abnormal performance, such as mental discomfort, increased body temperature, etc., should be promptly sent to the doctor for treatment.
Dogs often vomit, and the vomit is not food, while there is a different color. It can be suspected to be caused by gastritis, foreign body in the stomach, gastric torsion, food poisoning, drug poisoning or the initial stage of canine microviral disease.
Overall, it seems that although dogs often vomit and then act as if nothing is wrong. In fact, in addition to physiological vomiting problems, dog owners are better off taking their dogs to the hospital for a safer look.
Note
1. In the days after the dog vomited, the owner should help the dog to pay attention to the diet. Do not give it snacks during this period, only let it eat dog food. And follow the rule of eating less and more meals. In addition, you can also give some pills to help digestion.
2. dog in the period of vomiting, do not feed it snacks. Dog food inside to add more to help digestion of the medicine, the dog will soon be back to health. Pay attention to its diet, conditioning a few days will be fine.
