Dogs are naturally active, take it to play outdoors, often a careless injury. For example, stepping on sharp debris cut paws, or running by the ground slightly concave hard object collision tore toe paws, or fighting with other dogs and was scratched, bite. Many parents of dog trauma treatment are frazzled, some even because of improper treatment methods, improper medication, resulting in dog wound infection, wound healing time, or even non-healing and other serious consequences, to the pet and pet owners bring pain. The following teaches you how to properly handle dog trauma, not only to make the injured dog in the subsequent treatment faster healing, and sometimes can save the dog’s life. The treatment of a trauma to stop bleeding after trauma is usually divided into external bleeding and internal bleeding, internal bleeding is generally more serious, the scene is difficult to deal with, the need for emergency veterinary treatment. Dogs in the work or play, usually the majority of external bleeding. 1. bandage to stop bleeding Adaptation range: generally limited to venous or small arterial bleeding. Self-help method: small wound bleeding, when available, first use saline to rinse the local, then cover the wound with sterile gauze, with bandage light pressure bandage can be. If not, rinse with cold boiling water and cover with a clean towel or other soft cloth. When the wound is large and bleeding is high, apply pressure to stop the bleeding. The pressure should be moderate to stop the bleeding and not affect the blood circulation in the distal part of the limb. Reminder: It is strictly forbidden to scatter unclean things such as dirt, ash, flour and so on on the wound, which will cause further contamination of the wound and bring difficulties to the next step of debridement. 2. finger pressure method to stop bleeding Adaptation: generally used to deal with more acute arterial bleeding, when there is no bandage material and tourniquet on hand for a while. Self-help method: finger pressure on the adjacent bone at the proximal end of the bleeding artery, blocking the source of blood flow. Reminder: The method is simple and can quickly and effectively achieve the purpose of hemostasis, but the disadvantage is that it is not easy to stop bleeding for a long time. 3. Tourniquet method to stop bleeding Adaptation: larger limb artery bleeding. Self-help method: Use rubber band, wide cloth, triangle towel, towel, etc. as tourniquet can be. Use a tourniquet ligature at the proximal end of the bleeding point 1 to 3 cm. Reminder: Use a tourniquet to stop bleeding to master the strength and time, such as tying too tight, too long, so that the distal limb blood circulation is impaired, causing soft tissue compression necrosis and muscle atrophy. If it is not tied tightly, the distal end of the artery still has blood flow, while the return flow of the vein is completely obstructed, causing more bleeding from the wound instead. After tying the tourniquet, be sure to remember to tie the tourniquet time, relax every half hour to an hour, relax for 3 to 5 minutes and then tie again, relax the tourniquet when you can temporarily use finger pressure to stop bleeding. Second, the treatment of open wounds Adaptation range: after the accident, often resulting in the dog skin, muscle or other tissues of the split, and even fracture broken ends exposed, abdominal organs, cranial tissue spillage and other situations. Self-help method: Cover the wound with a clean towel or soft fabric, apply a tight bandage for protection, try not to touch the wound directly with your hands, and the bandage should extend 5 to 10 cm beyond the wound edge. Reminder: Movement of the exposed fracture severed end can cause pain and continued injury, and attention should be paid to fixation. When there is brain tissue bulge or abdominal organ overflow, you cannot directly apply pressure to the bandage or force the organ to return, you should put up a “wall” around the bulging or overflowing tissue with gauze, towels, etc., and then cover it with a clean enamel bowl of suitable size or other utensils that can play a protective role, and then wrap and fix it. Fracture fixation: Fractures caused by accidental injuries are divided into closed fractures without trauma and open fractures with trauma. Local pain, swelling and dysfunction mainly occur. Self-help method: fixing the fracture with a splint is the simplest and most effective method. The material used for fixation can be taken locally, such as small wooden slats, sticks, bamboo pieces, walking sticks, cardboard, etc. Before putting on the splint, cotton and soft material can be used to pad it. When tying the fractures of the limbs, the joints at both ends of the fracture site should be fixed at the same time to prevent the fracture from moving. Spinal fractures should be fixed by lifting the dog flat on a hard board and then giving it a fixation, making sure to keep the spine straight. Rib fractures that do not present obvious respiratory distress can be tied with wide tape or a triangular towel tightly to the contour before exhalation in order to limit the respiratory movement of the thorax and reduce the dog’s pain. Reminder: The dog’s movement must be restricted after the fracture to avoid aggravating the injury and reducing pain. The strength of the ligature should be moderate and not too tight to avoid impaired blood circulation at the distal end of the fracture site. IV. Treatment of toxic injuries Adaptation range: All injuries caused by taking or contacting toxic substances. Self-rescue method: the dog occurred poison injury, to quickly let the dog out of the poison injury environment, timely removal of toxic substances. According to the different ways of poison infringement, take different treatment methods. 1. Toxic substances inhaled through the respiratory tract: immediately get out of the poisoned environment, placed in a well-ventilated environment, and get fresh air in time. 2. Toxic substances contaminated by skin and mucous membranes: In principle, a large amount of clean water can be used to rinse and wash off the diluted toxic substances. Some reagents can be used in a targeted manner if available, for example, if strong acid or strong alkali comes into contact with the skin, choose a weak alkali or weak acid solution for neutralization. If the lime on the body surface can not be washed with water, so as not to aggravate the chemical reaction burns. The particles should be wiped off with a dry cloth or washed off quickly with water with a certain pressure. 3. Toxic substances ingested through the gastrointestinal tract: in principle, measures should be taken to induce vomiting, gastric lavage, and then diarrhea or enema to stop or reduce the absorption of toxic substances in time. Emesis: use chopsticks, feathers, spoon handles, or even fingers to stimulate the throat to cause vomiting. An appropriate amount of soap and water taken orally can also cause vomiting. Stomach lavage: After inducing vomiting, regardless of its effect, the stomach should be lavaged promptly and adequately in order to dilute the poison, eliminate it, protect the organism and reduce the damage. At home or in the field can be used to stimulate vomiting gastric lavage, that is, first drink an appropriate amount of gastric lavage, and then stimulate the throat to make it vomit, vomit and then drink again to make it vomit, repeated several times until the vomit clear. Different methods or different gastric lavage solutions should be chosen because of different poisonous substances. Gastric lavage is not recommended for strong acid poisoning. Weak alkaline drugs (except sodium bicarbonate alkaline drugs) can be used, and egg water, milk, vegetable oils, etc. can be drunk. Strong alkaline poisoning – gastric lavage is not recommended. You can take vinegar orally (not for carbon salts poisoning), or you can take egg water, milk, vegetable oil, etc. Organophosphorus poisoning – stomach lavage with soapy water, 1% to 5% soda, light salt water, etc. Trichlorfon poisoning is contraindicated with alkaline liquid gastric lavage. In short, the commonly used gastric lavage solutions are: water, light salt water, potassium permanganate solution (1:2000 or 1:4000), light soapy water, 2% soda, tea, etc. Mung bean water, batter, egg water, soy milk, milk, rice soup, etc. can be used as gastric lavage. In the case of poisoning by unknown toxic substances, stomach lavage with water or light saline (1%-2% sodium chloride) is sufficient. Induced diarrhea or enema: take 20-30 grams of magnesium sulfate or 6 grams of Chinese medicine rhubarb orally to induce diarrhea, or use 1% saline or 1% soap water enema to slow down or reduce the absorption of poison. Reminder: by the skin, mucous membrane contaminated with poison, can not be rinsed with hot water, so as not to increase the absorption of toxic substances. Prevent vomit from accidentally entering the trachea when inducing vomiting. Dogs that have taken corrosive poisons and whose convulsions are not yet under control should not be induced to vomit. Note that injured dogs are more fragile and nervous than usual, parents are advised to give their dogs more comfort and petting during this period of injury. More interaction with the dog helps them to relieve tension and calm down.
