When it comes to small pleasure dogs and companion dogs, people immediately think of the Pomeranian, which is loved by pet lovers because of its extremely outgoing and lively personality. Originally from Germany, the Pomeranian is a type of fox dog. The early Pomeranians were relatively large and mostly had white coats. In the 19th century, the breed was selected for breeding and gradually developed into the small breed it is today. The current Pomeranian is a small pleasure dog breed.
Latin name: Pomeranian
Family: Canidae
Alias: Pomeranian, Squirrel Dog
Subfamily: Canidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Genus: Canis lupus
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Subphylum Vertebrata
Phylum: Mammalia
Subphylum: Subphylum Animalia
Distribution area: Germany
Order: Carnivora
Type: Small dog
Shoulder height: 18-22cm
Weight: less than 3.5kg
Function: Watchdog, companion dog, play dog
FCI number: 7
- Morphological characteristics
The Pomeranian’s cheerful personality, faithfulness, friendliness and small size have attracted the attention of pet lovers. As a small pleasure dog, the Pomeranian can’t just look at its small size, but will also show its majestic state to protect itself and its owner when encountering unexpected events, and will occasionally be pampered. The Pomeranian needs regular tidying up and is not suitable for people who have no free time to keep too busy in life. The gorgeous coat not only needs to be trimmed frequently, but also needs to be carefully combed daily. Because of the rich body hair and the large amount of shedding during the hair change period, frequent cleaning and care should be provided, and a weekly bath is appropriate. Because of its small size, a female dog is more likely to have a difficult delivery.
Morphological characteristics of Pomeranian
I. Standard
A. To choose a round head, short and compact body B. Back hair should be soft and upright, fluffy C. Two eyes and nose into a positive triangle, so the Pomeranian can be called a beauty face dog D. The front shoulder blades should be high, the chest should be developed, the front and hind limbs upright and no dislocation E. The end of the tail can be rolled or not, but the beginning of the tail should be high, close to the back and the end of the back on the back F. The body is strong, hold up a sense of weight.
II. Appearance
The head is proportional to the body, most of the whole body hair is white, looks noble, looks like a furry sphere from a distance, pleasing to the eye. The weight range of Boomerang is 3 to 7 pounds, and the ideal weight for competition grade Boomerang is 4 to 6 pounds. Any dog that does not reach this weight or exceeds this weight is considered undesirable. In any case, overall quality is more important than size. Body length (length from shoulder to hip) should be slightly less than shoulder height, with the distance from chest to ground equal to half of shoulder height. The bone mass is medium, and the length of the legs is in balance with the body structure. When touched, it should feel sturdy.
III. Head
The skull is dense and the skull is slightly rounded, but it should not be arched. The head is proportional to the body, and the muzzle is short, straight and delicate, able to open the mouth freely without appearing rude. Shear bite. One missing tooth is acceptable.
When viewed from the front or side, the small, high and erect ears are visible. The ears are small, not widely spaced, preferably erect, and shaped like fox ears. If you imagine a line running from the tip of the nose through the middle of the eyes and the tips of the ears, you can see that the Boomer’s head is wedge-shaped. (Major flaws: too round, arched skull with prominent upper jaw; prominent lower jaw.) The eyes are dark, bright, medium sized and almond shaped. They are located on either side of the prominent stop on the skull. The expression is alert and can be described as somewhat fox-like.
Boomer’s nosepiece and eyes are black, except for brown, beaver and orchid Boomers which are colors that match their own coat.
Fourth, the face
Nose: The nose is round, small and black. (Brown Foxhound’s nose is black-brown) Muzzle: Muzzle is not too long and in proportion to the skull. (The ratio of muzzle length to skull length is about 2:3 in the Fuzzy Wolfhound/Foxhound and Medium Foxhound, and about 2:4 in the Small Foxhound and Toy Foxhound).
Lips: The lips are not exaggerated, are close to the jaws, and do not form any folds at the corners of the mouth. (Brown Foxhounds have brown lips, all other colors are black) Jaws/Teeth: Both jaws are normally developed, with 42 teeth in a complete clipped bite that conforms to the rules of dog teeth, i.e., upper and lower teeth are closely knocked together and both jaws are square. (In small foxhounds and toy foxhounds, missing premolars are allowed. In all Foxhounds, a clipped bite is also acceptable) Cheeks: round, not protruding.
Eyes: Medium sized, long, slightly oblique, almond. Black. Eyelids are various shades of black (brown foxhounds have dark brown eyelids).
Ears: Small ears are high, relatively close to each other, triangular, pointed, erect, and hard at the tips.
Neck: medium length, wide, slightly arched, no hanging flesh at the throat, thick coat, rich coat forming a huge plumed jaw.
V. Carapace
Dorsal line: The dorsal line starts from the tips of the erect ears and merges with the short and straight back to form a gentle curve. The dense, broomstick-like tail covers part of the back, giving it a perfect shape.
Shoulder/back: The high shoulder gently descends and joins the short, straight, sturdy back.
Waist: The coupling is short, wide and strong.
Hips: wide, short and not collapsed.
Chest: Deeply expanded chest naturally with a well-developed front.
Ventral line: the thorax extends as far back as possible; the belly is only slightly folded upwards.
Tail: Highly placed and of medium length. It extends upwards, curls forward on the back and has a straight root. It lies tightly on the back and is covered by a very dense coat. The tip of the tail is doubly curled is also possible.
VI. Anterior drive
Straight and fairly wide in front. The scapulae are long and naturally sloping back. The upper arms are about as long as the shoulder bones and at a 90 degree angle to them.
The shoulder muscles are well developed and firmly connected to the chest. The elbow joint is strong, close to the chest, and neither outward nor inward. The forearms should be medium length, firm and straight. Good trim hair on the back of the forearm.
The metacarpals (glenoid bones) are strong and of moderate length with the front glenoid bones at an angle of 20 degrees to the vertical in stance. The forefeet are as small, round and compact as possible, hence the name cat’s feet, with naturally arched toes. The toenails and paws are various shades of black, but the corresponding parts of the brown dog are dark brown.
VII. Hindquarters
The hindquarters are very muscular and covered with abundant hair up to the fly. The hind legs are straight and parallel to each other when standing. The upper and lower thighs are about equal in length. The hind knee joints are strong and properly pinched, neither turned out nor turned in. The metatarsals (fly joints) should be medium in length, very strong and perpendicular to the ground. The hind foot should be as small, compact and naturally arched as possible, hence the name cat foot. The foot should be rough. The color of the toenails should be as dark as possible.
Gait/Movement: The German Foxhound moves straight ahead, well driven and consistent and elastic in movement.
Skin: Skin is tight and free of any wrinkles.
VIII. Coat
The German Foxhound has a double coat: the upper coat is long, straight and vertical, and the lower coat is short, thick and cotton wool-like. The head, ears, front side of the front and back legs and feet are covered with short, thick (soft) hair. The rest of the body has a long and abundant coat. It is not curled, wavy or ropey, and does not separate on the back. The neck and shoulders are covered with coarse bristles. The hind side of the front legs is well trimmed. The hind legs are richly trimmed from the rump to the fly joint. The tail is like a broomstick.
IX. Color
1. Fluffy Wolfhound/Mauritius: Various shades of gray.
2. Large Foxhound: Black, brown, white.
3. Medium-sized Foxhound: black, brown, white, orange, dark gray, other colors.
4. Small Foxhound: black, brown, white, orange, dark gray, other colors. (Fancy Pomeranian e) Toy Foxhound/Squirrel Dog: black, tan, white, orange, dark gray, other colors.
A. Black Foxhound: In the Black Foxhound, the undercoat and skin must also be black, and the upper layer must be glossy black in color without any white or other colored spots.
B. Brown Foxhound: Brown Foxhounds should always be dark brown.
C. White Foxhound: Its coat should be pure white without any other colors especially yellow spots, which usually appear on the ears.
D. Orange Foxhound: The orange Foxhound should be uniformly colored in the middle color range.
E. Dull Grey Foxhound/Mauritius: The Dull Grey is a silvery grey dog with black tips. Its muzzle and ears are dark black; around the eyes is a distinctly shaped eye frame, from the outer corner of the eye to the lower corner of the eye like a black line drawn with a pencil, connected by characteristic spots and shadows, forming expressive short eyebrows; the mane and ringlets on the shoulders are lighter in color. There are no black spots on the front or back legs below the elbows or knees, except for pencil-like light spots on the toes; the tail and “pants” are light silvery gray underneath.
F. Foxes of other colors: The term “other colors” includes all shades of color, such as cream, cream-gray, orange-gray, black with tan, and miscellaneous colors (usually white is the predominant color). Black, tan, gray or orange spots must be distributed throughout the carcass.
X. Size (height to shoulder rung of horse).
1. Fuzzy Wolfhound/Mauritius 49 cm +/- 6 cm.
2. Large Foxhound 46 cm +/- 4 cm.
3. Medium-sized Foxhound 34 cm +/- 4 cm.
4. Small Foxhound 26 cm +/- 3 cm.
5. Toy Foxhound/Squirrel Dog 20 cm +/- 2 cm.
XI. Weight
Each type of German Foxhound should have a weight that is compatible with its size.
- Personality traits
Although the Pomeranian individual is small and seemingly unimpressive, the Pomeranian kept in the family, due to the pampering, Pomeranian will often show his personality and mood to indicate the state of affairs at this time. The following is a brief description of the personality characteristics of the Pomeranian.
Pomeranian’s personality
1. Rich expression
The little Pomeranian never needs the owner’s brain to figure out what’s going on in his head. It wags its tail when it is happy and barks when it is unhappy. If he wants to play, he will jump on your knee. If it wants to play, it will go away. They never lie and are never shy about expressing their opinions.
2. Friendly and affectionate
Pomeranians are lively, mischievous, intelligent, and very easy to integrate into families. However, in general, they will be particularly close to a family member and see him as the leader. They like to be pampered, and for those they trust, the Pomeranian will play with them without reservation. For those he doesn’t like, he will avoid them.
3. Nosy
Pomeranian this little guy is very nosy, if you quarrel with the family, you will find that the dog is not lonely also immediately join the battlefield, “woof woof woof” with you to quarrel a lot, do not know whether it is to persuade the fight or to come to the hilarious.
4. Lively and active
The Pomeranian is also a born mischief-maker, don’t look at its small size, but the destructive nature is first-class, which will require the owner’s strict discipline.
5. Pussyfooting and spilling
Pomeranians are very good at pampering. They will be pampered when they see you smile, when they are lonely and bored and need your company, when they are tired of walking outside and want a hug, when they are hungry or want a toy. The Pomeranian’s ability to spill is not inferior to that of pampering. If the dog is right when you scold it, it will immediately fight with you, showing its spirited nature.
6. Smart and trainable
Generally speaking, dogs can learn commands and skills through training. The smarter the dog the easier it is to train, the Pomeranian is precisely such a dog, because the Pomeranian character is better, from time to time will also make mistakes. It does not listen to commands. This is when the owner should not intimidate and beat him.
- Conservation knowledge
Pomeranian has a flowing and fluffy hair, trimmed yellow Pomeranian looks more like a small raccoon, cute and active, so there are many people like him, Pomeranian is one of the most beautiful dog breeds, they can not allow themselves to have half of the shortcomings, so in daily life should be how to care for Pomeranian?
Reduce body odor
On the whole, the body odor of the Pomeranian is relatively small among all dog breeds, so many dog owners choose to breed Pomeranians. But after breeding found that there are still some Pomeranian will have a stinky smell, in fact, these odors are not on the dog is, but the dog’s bad breath and ears and other parts of the emanation, which the owner can avoid and reduce.
The dog’s bad breath is an important source of odor, pay attention to check the dog’s dental calculus caused by the problem. Therefore, the owner should pay attention to help the dog regular dental cleaning, effective control of the dog’s dental calculus, you can let the dog have a good breath.
Dogs’ ears also often waft odor, in fact, as long as the owner uses the right method to clean ear wax, you can reduce this situation. The presence of earwax can help the ears fight foreign sources of disease. Earwax can be white, light yellow, or yellow in color, and normal in shape from powdery, lumpy to soft mud, but it must be cleaned regularly, or else normal ears will also have a bad smell produced.
The anal glands are the most important source of odor in dogs, and they have the function of helping dogs identify themselves, because the smell of each dog’s anal glands is different, so the most common action dogs do when they meet is to smell each other’s butts, in addition to kissing each other. In addition, when dogs live in the wild, they will leave anal gland fluid in the grass to mark the dog’s area of influence. But dogs living at home, because not much exercise, leg muscle strength is reduced, can not push out the excess anal gland fluid, causing the anal glands to accumulate causing obstruction and swelling, then, the anal glands will produce a bad smell, which leads to inflammation and bleeding or even rupture, so, when helping dogs to bathe, the owner can help the dog clean anal glands to keep the dog healthy.
The standard Pomeranian dog’s body shape should be full of beauty and vitality, plump body and sufficient amount of hair, gentle temperament, walking very energetic, cheerful expression. The shaft of its head is extraordinarily long, with a flattened skullcap. The ears occupy only a very small part of the head and the face is preferably short. The eyes are sunken and egg-shaped, giving the impression of smallness and elegance. The chest should not be too wide, and should be in a straight line from the throat and chest to the forelimbs. The tail root is slightly high, not too low, and the long thick trim coat should be kept in the central part of the back.
Generally, the whole body hair is cut into a round shape with clippers. When trimming, in order to maintain a good body shape and neatness, the hair should be combed up with a comb and then trimmed, and the ear tips should be cut into a round shape. The tail root should be cut wide with electric clippers so that the tail curls from the back straight to the ears. The paws should be cut short, and the long hair on the tips of the feet should be cut short to look like cat feet.
In short, there are many methods of dog grooming, each according to the specific conditions, combined with the characteristics of the dog’s own body shape, in accordance with the requirements of taking the shortcomings, cover up defects, highlight the advantages. Please choose the right grooming method to show the dog’s “valiant”, so that your dog more beautiful and healthy cute Oh!
Suggestions: In order to avoid body odor on Pomeranian body once a week in the summer to give Pomeranian bath, winter 10 to 15 wash once. Every year on time to Pomeranian vaccinations, internal and external regular deworming.
- Feeding Essentials
Don’t underestimate the Pomeranian’s small stature, when it comes to food is always like an underfed child, now people breeding dogs are more spoiled, dogs need almost everything have such as: toys, snacks, staple food including the owner usually help dogs do delicious food and so on. A healthy diet cannot be given in accordance with the dog’s requirements for food.
Feeding points
Every Pomeranian owner will more or less prepare some snacks for the Pomeranian to eat in the morning or afternoon as extra meals and treats for the Pomeranian. Sometimes owners will also use snacks to train their Pomeranian, as this can lead to a more rapid and successful training of the dog. Because of the many types of Pomeranian snacks, it is important to choose snacks for the Pomeranian, and only snacks that are suitable for the Pomeranian can be given to it, never give any snacks to the Pomeranian, and do not give the Pomeranian too many snacks, otherwise it will not be good for the health of the Pomeranian.
1. Healthy, nutritional mix
The only requirement that owners have for the growth of the Pomeranians is health, unhealthy snacks, but also easy to cause indigestion, constipation, physical discomfort and other conditions in the Pomeranian. So when picking snacks for your Pomeranian, choose nutritious foods. For example, beef jerky, chicken jerky and so on.
2. Rich snacks with
You can’t feed your Pomeranian a single snack for a long time, which can easily cause anorexia and lack of nutrition in the body, making the Pomeranian grow slowly. When choosing snacks, you can choose a variety of products, such as jerky, cookies and so on. The rich products with, every day can be changed for the Pomeranian different flavors of snacks, to ensure that the Pomeranian fresh sense of food, the body of the absorption of nutrients is not delayed.
3. Snacks that can be easily stored
You can try to choose food with long storage time, buy back the snacks, the pet dog can not be eaten in a short time, so the preservation time and quality is very important. You can try to choose dry snacks, stored at room temperature for a longer period of time.
4. Snacks and main meals should not be confused
The owner should provide snacks to the Pomeranian under the condition that the Pomeranian can eat normally every day. For example, when you go out for a stroll or a walk, it is the best care for your Pomeranian to provide him with the right amount of snacks while relaxing in the grass.
The healthy growth of the Pomeranian is entirely in the careful care of the dog’s parents, and the Pomeranian should be treated with great care, but not spoiled. Pomeranians that are overly spoiled will have some bad problems, such as disobedience, picky eating and so on, which is not a bit good for the owner.
The Pomeranian family should always prepare some snacks at home, snacks have many roles, not only can temporarily act as food for the Pomeranian to eat, when the owners did not have time to prepare food for the Pomeranian temporarily instead of the meal, but also to help the owners to train more quickly than the Pomeranian, not only to meet the Pomeranian’s demand for food, but also to play the maximum role of snacks, but also to increase the owners People and Pomeranians between the feelings. The use of snacks is more, but unreasonable giving can cause health problems in dogs, after all, snacks have more additives, eating too much is not good for the body.
