Appearance: The wolf has upright ears in a 3-angle shape, a stiff tail, fierce and melancholy eyes, and wolf toes on its hind legs. The muzzle of the wolf is longer and more pointed than that of the dog, and the mouth is also broader, with large teeth, and the eyes are tilted upward and positioned higher than the bridge of the nose. The hair on the back of wolves is longer and the chest is wider than that of dogs, and the tail is shorter and thicker than that of dogs, with fluffier hair, often hanging down between the hind limbs, unlike the tail of dogs, which is often curled upward. The dog’s ears are mostly round and curved, and the tail is soft and sways from side to side. The dog has lovely eyes, no wolf toes, and its ears usually droop. Personality: The dog is loyal to its master and will not bite him even if he is killed. Wolves are fierce, and in fact, the wild ancestors of the domestic dog were wolves that came near human settlements more than 10,000 years ago in search of leftover human food. Therefore, the domestic dog is not a natural species, and so far no fossils of the so-called ancestors of domestic dogs have been found, while domestic dogs have existed in Neolithic sites. According to the research on anatomy, physiology and behavior, although domestic dogs have been domesticated and cultivated by humans for a long time, they are very different from wolves in various aspects from physical shape to behavior, but in essence, their anatomical structures and behavioral actions are very similar, and the derivation of the above differences is related to the process of companionship between domestic dogs and humans. In addition, the offspring produced by the cross between wolves and domestic dogs are able to continue breeding. By nature: wolves are a highly pack-like species. The number of wolves in a pack ranges from 5 to 12, and can be up to 30, often led by a dominant pair. There are domains, and they are usually the range of their activities. If the number of individuals in a pack increases, the range of the domains will decrease. There is no overlap between groups, and the range is announced to other groups with a howl. Groups usually hunt large prey. After the young wolves grow up, they will stay in the pack to take care of their younger siblings, and may inherit the dominant position in the pack, while some will migrate out (mostly males). They run very fast, up to about 55 km, but are less persistent. Intelligence is quite high and can communicate with scent and bark. After domestication, the dog’s brain capacity is thirty percent smaller than that of the wolf, and while it is degraded in the part that delineates the map of the area, it is increased in the part that gets along with other humans. Today, there are hundreds of species of domestic dogs. They range in height from the Chihuahua puppy, which is only a dozen centimeters tall, to the Irish Wolfhound, which is nearly a meter tall), and in color from white to black, red, gray or brown. Domestic dogs, like humans, are highly socialized, collective predators. This is probably why their overall behavior is trainable, interesting and appropriate for human homes and social environments. On the other hand, domestic dogs are more tolerant of meat than humans, and they do not suffer from metabolic diseases such as clogged arteries due to heavy meat consumption. Wolves and dogs are not reproductively isolated In general, dogs and wolves evolved from the same species and they are both genetically similar. Moreover, they can mate with each other and reproduce. It can be said that dogs are wolves that have been tamed by man. If we want to compare them, we can even say that they are just like different human races with different skin color. There are only differences in body size, bark and living habits.
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